--- /dev/null
+= Playing Greed
+
+Greed is a dice game played amoung 2 or more players, using 5
+six-sided dice.
+
+== Playing Greed
+
+Each player takes a turn consisting of one or more rolls of the dice.
+On the first roll of the game, a player rolls all six dice which are
+scored according to the following:
+
+ Three 1's => 1000 points
+ Three 6's => 600 points
+ Three 5's => 500 points
+ Three 4's => 400 points
+ Three 3's => 300 points
+ Three 2's => 200 points
+ One 1 => 100 points
+ One 5 => 50 points
+
+A single die can only be counted once in each roll. For example,
+a "5" can only count as part of a triplet (contributing to the 500
+points) or as a single 50 points, but not both in the same roll.
+
+Example Scoring
+
+ Throw Score
+ --------- ------------------
+ 5 1 3 4 1 50 + 2 * 100 = 250
+ 1 1 1 3 1 1000 + 100 = 1100
+ 2 4 4 5 4 400 + 50 = 450
+
+The dice not contributing to the score are called the non-scoring
+dice. "3" and "4" are non-scoring dice in the first example. "3" is
+a non-scoring die in the second, and "2" is a non-score die in the
+final example.
+
+After a player rolls and the score is calculated, the scoring dice are
+removed and the player has the option of rolling again using only the
+non-scoring dice. If there all no non-scoring dice), then the player
+may roll all 5 dice in the next roll.
+
+The player may continue to roll as long as each roll scores points. If
+a roll has zero points, then the player loses not only their turn, but
+also accumulated score for that turn. If a player decides to stop
+rolling before rolling a zero-point roll, then the accumulated points
+for the turn is added to his total score.
+
+== Getting "In The Game"
+
+Before a player is allowed to accumulate points, they must get at
+least 300 points in a single turn. Once they have achieved 300 points
+in a single turn, the points earned in that turn and each following
+turn will be counted toward their total score.
+
+== End Game
+
+Once a player reaches 3000 (or more) points, the game enters the final
+round where each of the other players gets one more turn. The winner
+is the player with the highest score after the final round.
+
+== References
+
+Greed is described on Wikipedia at
+http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greed_(dice_game), however the rules are
+a bit different from the rules given here.
+= EdgeCase Ruby Koans
+
+The Ruby Koans walk you along the path to enlightenment in order to learn Ruby.
+The goal is to learn the Ruby language, syntax, structure, and some common
+functions and libraries. We also teach you culture. Testing is not just something we
+pay lip service to, but something we live. It is essential in your quest to learn
+and do great things in the language.
+
+== The Structure
+
+The koans are broken out into areas by file, hashes are covered in about_hashes.rb,
+modules are introduced in about_modules.rb, etc. They are presented in order in the
+path_to_enlightenment.rb file.
+
+Each koan builds up your knowledge of Ruby and builds upon itself. It will stop at
+the first place you need to correct.
+
+Some koans simply need to have the correct answer substituted for an incorrect one.
+Some, however, require you to supply your own answer. If you see the method __ (a
+double underscore) listed, it is a hint to you to supply your own code in order to
+make it work correctly.
+
+
+== The Path To Enlightenment
+
+In order to achieve enlightenment you need to follow the path_to_enlightenment. This
+can be done in two ways
+
+*nix platforms, from the koans directory
+
+ [koans] $ rake # runs the default target :walk_the_path
+ [koans] $ ruby path_to_enlightenment.rb # simply call the file directly
+
+Windows is the same thing
+
+ c:\dev\koans\rake # runs the default target :walk_the_path
+ c:\dev\koans\ruby path_to_enlightenment.rb # simply call the file directly
+
--- /dev/null
+
+task :default => :walk_the_path
+
+task :walk_the_path do
+ ruby 'path_to_enlightenment.rb'
+end
\ No newline at end of file
--- /dev/null
+require 'edgecase'
+
+class AboutArrayAssignment < EdgeCase::Koan
+ def test_non_parallel_assignment
+ names = ["John", "Smith"]
+ assert_equal __, names
+ end
+
+ def test_parallel_assignments
+ first_name, last_name = ["John", "Smith"]
+ assert_equal __, first_name
+ assert_equal __, last_name
+ end
+
+ def test_parallel_assignments_with_extra_values
+ first_name, last_name = ["John", "Smith", "III"]
+ assert_equal __, first_name
+ assert_equal __, last_name
+ end
+
+ def test_parallel_assignments_with_extra_variables
+ first_name, last_name = ["Cher"]
+ assert_equal __, first_name
+ assert_equal __, last_name
+ end
+
+ def test_parallel_assignements_with_subarrays
+ first_name, last_name = [["Willie", "Rae"], "Johnson"]
+ assert_equal __, first_name
+ assert_equal __, last_name
+ end
+
+ def test_parallel_assignment_with_one_variable
+ first_name, = ["John", "Smith"]
+ assert_equal __, first_name
+ end
+
+end
--- /dev/null
+require 'edgecase'
+
+class AboutArrays < EdgeCase::Koan
+ def test_creating_arrays
+ empty_array = Array.new
+ assert_equal Array, empty_array.class
+ assert_equal __, empty_array.size
+ end
+
+ def test_array_literals
+ array = Array.new
+ assert_equal [], array
+
+ array[0] = 1
+ assert_equal [1], array
+
+ array[1] = 2
+ assert_equal [1, __], array
+
+ array << 333
+ assert_equal __, array
+ end
+
+ def test_accessing_array_elements
+ array = [:peanut, :butter, :and, :jelly]
+
+ assert_equal __, array[0]
+ assert_equal __, array.first
+ assert_equal __, array[3]
+ assert_equal __, array.last
+ assert_equal __, array[-1]
+ assert_equal __, array[-3]
+ end
+
+ def test_slicing_arrays
+ array = [:peanut, :butter, :and, :jelly]
+
+ assert_equal __, array[0,1]
+ assert_equal __, array[0,2]
+ assert_equal __, array[2,2]
+ assert_equal __, array[2,20]
+ assert_equal __, array[4,0]
+ assert_equal __, array[5,0]
+ end
+
+ def test_arrays_and_ranges
+ assert_equal Range, (1..5).class
+ assert_not_equal [1,2,3,4,5], (1..5)
+ assert_equal [1,2,3,4,5], (1..5).to_a
+ assert_equal __, (1...5).to_a
+ end
+
+ def test_slicing_with_ranges
+ array = [:peanut, :butter, :and, :jelly]
+
+ assert_equal __, array[0..2]
+ assert_equal __, array[0...2]
+ assert_equal __, array[2..-1]
+ end
+
+ def test_pushing_and_popping_arrays
+ array = [1,2]
+ array.push(:last)
+
+ assert_equal __, array
+
+ popped_value = array.pop
+ assert_equal __, popped_value
+ assert_equal __, array
+ end
+
+ def test_shifting_arrays
+ array = [1,2]
+ array.unshift(:first)
+
+ assert_equal __, array
+
+ shifted_value = array.shift
+ assert_equal __, shifted_value
+ assert_equal __, array
+ end
+
+ def test_parallel_assignments
+ first_name, last_name = ["John", "Smith"]
+ assert_equal __, first_name
+ assert_equal __, last_name
+ end
+
+ def test_parallel_assignments_with_extra_values
+ first_name, last_name = ["John", "Smith", "III"]
+ assert_equal __, first_name
+ assert_equal __, last_name
+ end
+
+ def test_parallel_assignments_with_extra_variables
+ first_name, last_name = ["Cher"]
+ assert_equal __, first_name
+ assert_equal __, last_name
+ end
+
+end
--- /dev/null
+#!/usr/bin/env ruby
+# -*- ruby -*-
+
+require 'edgecase'
+
+class AboutAsserts < EdgeCase::Koan
+
+ # We shall contemplate truth by testing reality, via asserts.
+ def test_assert_truth
+ assert false # This should be true
+ end
+
+ # Enlightenment may be more easily achieved with appropriate
+ # messages.
+ def test_assert_with_message
+ assert false, "This should be true -- Please fix this"
+ end
+
+ # To understand reality, we must compare our expectations against
+ # reality.
+ def test_assert_equality
+ expected_value = 3
+ actual_value = 1 + 1
+
+ assert expected_value == actual_value
+ end
+
+ # Some ways of asserting equality are better than others.
+ def test_a_better_way_of_asserting_equality
+ expected_value = 3
+ actual_value = 1 + 1
+
+ assert_equal expected_value, actual_value
+ end
+
+ # Sometimes we will ask you to fill in the values
+ def test_fill_in_values
+ assert_equal __, 1 + 1
+ end
+end
--- /dev/null
+require 'edgecase'
+
+class AboutBlocks < EdgeCase::Koan
+ def method_with_block
+ result = yield
+ result
+ end
+
+ def test_methods_can_take_blocks
+ yielded_result = method_with_block { 1 + 2 }
+ assert_equal __, yielded_result
+ end
+
+ def test_blocks_can_be_defined_with_do_end_too
+ yielded_result = method_with_block do 1 + 2 end
+ assert_equal __, yielded_result
+ end
+
+ # ------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+ def method_with_block_arguments
+ yield("Jim")
+ end
+
+ def test_blocks_can_take_arguments
+ result = method_with_block_arguments do |argument|
+ assert_equal __, argument
+ end
+ end
+
+ # ------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+ def many_yields
+ yield(:peanut)
+ yield(:butter)
+ yield(:and)
+ yield(:jelly)
+ end
+
+ def test_methods_can_call_yield_many_times
+ result = []
+ many_yields { |item| result << item }
+ assert_equal __, result
+ end
+
+ # ------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+ def yield_tester
+ if block_given?
+ yield
+ else
+ :no_block
+ end
+ end
+
+ def test_methods_can_see_if_they_have_been_called_with_a_block
+ assert_equal __, yield_tester { :with_block }
+ assert_equal __, yield_tester
+ end
+
+ # ------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+ def test_block_can_effect_variables_in_the_code_where_they_are_created
+ value = :initial_value
+ method_with_block { value = :modified_in_a_block }
+ assert_equal __, value
+ end
+
+ def test_blocks_can_be_assigned_to_variables_and_called_explicitly
+ add_one = lambda { |n| n + 1 }
+ assert_equal __, add_one.call(10)
+
+ # Alternative calling sequence
+ assert_equal __, add_one[10]
+ end
+
+ def test_stand_alone_blocks_can_be_passed_to_methods_expecting_blocks
+ make_upper = lambda { |n| n.upcase }
+ result = method_with_block_arguments(&make_upper)
+ assert_equal __, result
+ end
+
+ # ------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+ def method_with_explict_block(&block)
+ block.call(10)
+ end
+
+ def test_methods_can_take_an_explicit_block_argument
+ assert_equal __, method_with_explict_block { |n| n * 2 }
+
+ add_one = lambda { |n| n + 1 }
+ assert_equal __, method_with_explict_block(&add_one)
+ end
+
+end
--- /dev/null
+require 'edgecase'
+
+class AboutClassMethods < EdgeCase::Koan
+ class Dog
+ end
+
+ def test_objects_are_objects
+ fido = Dog.new
+ assert_equal __, fido.is_a?(Object)
+ end
+
+ def test_classes_are_objects_too
+ assert_equal __, Dog.is_a?(Class)
+ end
+
+ def test_classes_are_objects_too
+ assert_equal __, Dog.is_a?(Object)
+ end
+
+ def test_objects_have_methods
+ fido = Dog.new
+ assert_equal __, fido.methods.size
+ end
+
+ def test_classes_have_methods
+ assert_equal __, Dog.methods.size
+ end
+
+ def test_you_can_define_methods_on_individual_objects
+ fido = Dog.new
+ def fido.wag
+ :fidos_wag
+ end
+ assert_equal __, fido.wag
+ end
+
+ def test_other_objects_are_affected_by_these_singleton_methods
+ fido = Dog.new
+ rover = Dog.new
+ def fido.wag
+ :fidos_wag
+ end
+
+ assert_raise(___) do
+ rover.wag
+ end
+ end
+
+ # ------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+ def Dog.wag
+ :class_level_wag
+ end
+
+ class Dog
+ def wag
+ :instance_level_wag
+ end
+ end
+
+ def test_since_classes_are_objects_you_can_define_singleton_methods_on_them_too
+ assert_equal __, Dog.a_class_method
+ end
+
+ def test_class_methods_are_independent_of_instance_methods
+ fido = Dog.new
+ assert_equal __, fido.wag
+ assert_equal __, Dog.wag
+ end
+
+ # ------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+ class Dog
+ attr_accessor :name
+ end
+
+ def Dog.name
+ @name
+ end
+
+ def test_classes_and_instances_do_not_share_instance_variables
+ fido = Dog.new
+ fido.name = "Fido"
+ assert_equal __, fido.name
+ assert_equal __, Dog.name
+ end
+
+ # ------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+ class Dog
+ def Dog.a_class_method
+ :dogs_class_method
+ end
+ end
+
+ def test_you_can_define_class_methods_inside_the_class
+ assert_equal __, Dog.a_class_method
+ end
+
+
+ # ------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+ LastExpressionInClassStatement = class Dog
+ 21
+ end
+
+ def test_class_statements_return_the_value_of_their_last_expression
+ assert_equal __, LastExpressionInClassStatement
+ end
+
+ # ------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+ SelfInsideOfClassStatement = class Dog
+ self
+ end
+
+ def test_self_while_inside_class_is_class_object_not_instance
+ assert_equal __, Dog == SelfInsideOfClassStatement
+ end
+
+ # ------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+ class Dog
+ def self.class_method2
+ :another_way_to_write_class_methods
+ end
+ end
+
+ def test_you_can_use_self_instead_of_an_explicit_reference_to_dog
+ assert_equal __, Dog.class_method2
+ end
+
+ # ------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+ class Dog
+ class << self
+ def another_class_method
+ :still_another_way
+ end
+ end
+ end
+
+ def test_heres_still_another_way_to_write_class_methods
+ assert_equal __, Dog.another_class_method
+ end
+
+ # THINK ABOUT IT:
+ #
+ # The two major ways to write class methods are:
+ # class Demo
+ # def self.method
+ # end
+ #
+ # class << self
+ # def class_methods
+ # end
+ # end
+ # end
+ #
+ # Which do you prefer and why?
+ # Are there times you might prefer one over the other?
+
+ # ------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+ def test_heres_an_easy_way_to_call_class_methods_from_instance_methods
+ fido = Dog.new
+ assert_equal __, fido.class.another_class_method
+ end
+
+end
--- /dev/null
+require 'edgecase'
+
+class AboutClasses < EdgeCase::Koan
+ class Dog
+ end
+
+ def test_instances_of_classes_can_be_created_with_new
+ fido = Dog.new
+ assert_equal __, fido.class
+ end
+
+ # ------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+ class Dog2
+ def set_name(a_name)
+ @name = a_name
+ end
+ end
+
+ def test_instance_variables_can_be_set_by_assigning_to_them
+ fido = Dog2.new
+ assert_equal __, fido.instance_variables
+
+ fido.set_name("Fido")
+ assert_equal __, fido.instance_variables
+ end
+
+ def test_instance_variables_cannot_be_accessed_outside_the_class
+ fido = Dog2.new
+ fido.set_name("Fido")
+
+ assert_raise(___) do
+ fido.name
+ end
+
+ assert_raise(___) do
+ eval "fido.@name"
+ # NOTE: Using eval because the above line is a syntax error.
+ end
+ end
+
+ def test_you_can_politely_ask_for_instance_variable_values
+ fido = Dog2.new
+ fido.set_name("Fido")
+
+ assert_equal __, fido.instance_variable_get("@name")
+ end
+
+ def test_you_can_rip_the_value_out_using_instance_eval
+ fido = Dog2.new
+ fido.set_name("Fido")
+
+ assert_equal __, fido.instance_eval("@name") # string version
+ assert_equal __, fido.instance_eval { @name } # block version
+ end
+
+ # ------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+ class Dog3
+ def set_name(a_name)
+ @name = a_name
+ end
+ def name
+ @name
+ end
+ end
+
+ def test_you_can_create_accessor_methods_to_return_instance_variables
+ fido = Dog3.new
+ fido.set_name("Fido")
+
+ assert_equal __, fido.name
+ end
+
+ # ------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+ class Dog4
+ attr_reader :name
+
+ def set_name(a_name)
+ @name = a_name
+ end
+ end
+
+
+ def test_attr_reader_will_automatically_define_an_accessor
+ fido = Dog4.new
+ fido.set_name("Fido")
+
+ assert_equal __, fido.name
+ end
+
+ # ------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+ class Dog5
+ attr_accessor :name
+ end
+
+
+ def test_attr_accessor_will_automatically_define_both_read_and_write_accessors
+ fido = Dog5.new
+
+ fido.name = "Fido"
+ assert_equal __, fido.name
+ end
+
+ # ------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+ class Dog6
+ attr_reader :name
+ def initialize(initial_name)
+ @name = initial_name
+ end
+ end
+
+ def test_initialize_provides_initial_values_for_instance_variables
+ fido = Dog6.new("Fido")
+ assert_equal __, fido.name
+ end
+
+ def test_args_to_new_must_match_initialize
+ assert_raise(___) do
+ Dog6.new
+ end
+ # THINK ABOUT IT:
+ # Why is this so?
+ end
+
+ def test_different_objects_have_difference_instance_variables
+ fido = Dog6.new("Fido")
+ rover = Dog6.new("Rover")
+
+ assert_not_equal rover.name, fido.name
+ end
+
+ # ------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+ class Dog7
+ attr_reader :name
+
+ def initialize(initial_name)
+ @name = initial_name
+ end
+
+ def get_self
+ self
+ end
+
+ def to_s
+ __
+ end
+
+ def inspect
+ "<Dog named '#{name}'>"
+ end
+ end
+
+ def test_inside_a_method_self_refers_to_the_containing_object
+ fido = Dog7.new("Fido")
+
+ fidos_self = fido.get_self
+ assert_equal __, fidos_self
+ end
+
+ def test_to_s_provides_a_string_version_of_the_object
+ fido = Dog7.new("Fido")
+ assert_equal "Fido", fido.to_s
+ end
+
+ def test_to_s_is_used_in_string_interpolation
+ fido = Dog7.new("Fido")
+ assert_equal "My dog is Fido", "My dog is #{fido}"
+ end
+
+ def test_inspect_provides_a_more_complete_string_version
+ fido = Dog7.new("Fido")
+ assert_equal __, fido.inspect
+ end
+
+ def test_all_objects_support_to_s_and_inspect
+ array = [1,2,3]
+
+ assert_equal __, array.to_s
+ assert_equal __, array.inspect
+
+ assert_equal __, "STRING".to_s
+ assert_equal __, "STRING".inspect
+ end
+
+end
--- /dev/null
+require 'edgecase'
+
+class AboutControlStatements < EdgeCase::Koan
+
+ def test_if_then_else_statements
+ if true
+ result = :true_value
+ else
+ result = :false_value
+ end
+ assert_equal __, result
+ end
+
+ def test_if_then_else_statements
+ result = :default_value
+ if true
+ result = :true_value
+ end
+ assert_equal __, result
+ end
+
+ def test_if_statements_return_values
+ value = if true
+ :true_value
+ else
+ :false_value
+ end
+ assert_equal __, value
+
+ value = if false
+ :true_value
+ else
+ :false_value
+ end
+ assert_equal __, value
+
+ # NOTE: Actually, EVERY statement in Ruby will return a value, not
+ # just if statements.
+ end
+
+ def test_if_statements_with_no_else_with_false_condition_return_value
+ value = if false
+ :true_value
+ end
+ assert_equal __, value
+ end
+
+ def test_condition_operators
+ assert_equal __, (true ? :true_value : :false_value)
+ assert_equal __, (false ? :true_value : :false_value)
+ end
+
+ def test_if_statement_modifiers
+ result = :default_value
+ result = :true_value if true
+
+ assert_equal __, result
+ end
+
+ def test_unless_statement
+ result = :default_value
+ unless false
+ result = :false_value
+ end
+ assert_equal __, result
+ end
+
+ def test_unless_statement_modifier
+ result = :default_value
+ result = :false_value unless false
+
+ assert_equal __, result
+ end
+
+ def test_while_statement
+ i = 1
+ result = 1
+ while i <= 10
+ result = result * i
+ i += 1
+ end
+ assert_equal __, result
+ end
+
+ def test_break_statement
+ i = 1
+ result = 1
+ while true
+ break unless i <= 10
+ result = result * i
+ i += 1
+ end
+ assert_equal __, result
+ end
+
+ def test_next_statement
+ i = 0
+ result = []
+ while i < 10
+ i += 1
+ next if (i % 2) == 0
+ result << i
+ end
+ assert_equal __, result
+ end
+
+ def test_for_statement
+ array = ["fish", "and", "chips"]
+ result = []
+ for item in array
+ result << item.upcase
+ end
+ assert_equal [__, __, __], result
+ end
+
+end
--- /dev/null
+require 'edgecase'
+
+class DiceSet
+ attr_reader :values
+ def roll(n)
+ @values = (1..n).map { rand(6) + 1 }
+ end
+end
+
+class AboutDiceSet < EdgeCase::Koan
+ def test_can_create_a_dice_set
+ dice = DiceSet.new
+ assert_not_nil dice
+ end
+
+ def test_rolling_the_dice_returns_a_set_of_integers_between_1_and_6
+ dice = DiceSet.new
+
+ dice.roll(5)
+ assert dice.values.is_a?(Array), "should be an array"
+ assert_equal 5, dice.values.size
+ dice.values.each do |value|
+ assert value >= 1 && value <= 6, "value #{value} must be between 1 and 6"
+ end
+ end
+
+ def test_dice_values_do_not_change_unless_explicitly_rolled
+ dice = DiceSet.new
+ dice.roll(5)
+ first_time = dice.values
+ second_time = dice.values
+ assert_equal first_time, second_time
+ end
+
+ def test_dice_values_should_change_between_rolls
+ dice = DiceSet.new
+
+ dice.roll(5)
+ first_time = dice.values
+
+ dice.roll(5)
+ second_time = dice.values
+
+ assert_not_equal first_time, second_time,
+ "Two rolls should not be equal"
+
+ # THINK ABOUT IT:
+ #
+ # If the rolls are random, then it is possible (although not
+ # likely) that two consecutive rolls are equal. What would be a
+ # better way to test this.
+ end
+
+ def test_you_can_roll_different_numbers_of_dice
+ dice = DiceSet.new
+
+ dice.roll(3)
+ assert_equal 3, dice.values.size
+
+ dice.roll(1)
+ assert_equal 1, dice.values.size
+ end
+
+end
--- /dev/null
+require 'edgecase'
+
+class AboutExceptions < EdgeCase::Koan
+
+ class MySpecialError < RuntimeError
+ end
+
+ def test_exceptions_inherit_from_Exception
+ assert MySpecialError.ancestors.include?(RuntimeError)
+ assert MySpecialError.ancestors.include?(StandardError)
+ assert MySpecialError.ancestors.include?(Exception)
+ assert MySpecialError.ancestors.include?(Object)
+ end
+
+ def test_rescue_clause
+ result = nil
+ begin
+ fail "Oops"
+ rescue StandardError => ex
+ result = :exception_handled
+ end
+
+ assert_equal __, result
+
+ assert ex.is_a?(StandardError), "Failure message."
+ assert ex.is_a?(RuntimeError), "Failure message."
+
+ assert RuntimeError.ancestors.include?(StandardError),
+ "RuntimeError is a subclass of StandardError"
+
+ assert_equal __, ex.message
+ end
+
+ def test_raising_a_particular_error
+ result = nil
+ begin
+ # 'raise' and 'fail' are synonyms
+ raise MySpecialError, "My Message"
+ rescue MySpecialError => ex
+ result = :exception_handled
+ end
+
+ assert_equal __(:exception_handled), result
+ assert_equal __, ex.message
+ end
+
+ def test_ensure_clause
+ result = nil
+ begin
+ fail "Oops"
+ rescue StandardError => ex
+ # no code here
+ ensure
+ result = :always_run
+ end
+
+ assert_equal __, result
+ end
+
+end
--- /dev/null
+# EXTRA CREDIT:
+#
+# Create a program that will play the Greed Game.
+# Rules for the game are in GREED_RULES.TXT.
+#
+# You already have a DiceSet class and score function you can use.
+# Write a player class and a Game class to complete the project. This
+# is a free form assignment, so approach it however you desire.
--- /dev/null
+require 'edgecase'
+
+class AboutHashes < EdgeCase::Koan
+ def test_creating_hashes
+ empty_hash = Hash.new
+ assert_equal Hash, empty_hash.class
+ assert_equal({}, empty_hash)
+ assert_equal __, empty_hash.size
+ end
+
+ def test_hash_literals
+ hash = { :one => "uno", :two => "dos" }
+ assert_equal __, hash.size
+ end
+
+ def test_accessing_hashes
+ hash = { :one => "uno", :two => "dos" }
+ assert_equal __, hash[:one]
+ assert_equal __, hash[:two]
+ assert_equal __, hash[:doesnt_exist]
+ end
+
+ def test_changing_hashes
+ hash = { :one => "uno", :two => "dos" }
+ hash[:one] = "eins"
+
+ expected = { :one => __, :two => "dos" }
+ assert_equal expected, hash
+
+ # Bonus Question: Why was "expected" broken out into a variable
+ # rather than used as a literal?
+ end
+
+ def test_hash_is_unordered
+ hash1 = { :one => "uno", :two => "dos" }
+ hash2 = { :two => "dos", :one => "uno" }
+
+ assert_equal hash1, hash2
+ end
+
+ def test_hash_keys_and_values
+ hash = { :one => "uno", :two => "dos" }
+ assert_equal __, hash.keys
+ assert_equal __, hash.values
+ end
+
+ def test_combining_hashes
+ hash = { "jim" => 53, "amy" => 20, "dan" => 23 }
+ new_hash = hash.merge({ "jim" => 54, "jenny" => 26 })
+
+ assert_not_equal hash, new_hash
+
+ expected = { "jim" => __, "amy" => 20, "dan" => 23, "jenny" => __ }
+ assert_equal expected, new_hash
+ end
+end
--- /dev/null
+require 'edgecase'
+
+class AboutInheritance < EdgeCase::Koan
+ class Dog
+ attr_reader :name
+
+ def initialize(name)
+ @name = name
+ end
+
+ def bark
+ "WOOF"
+ end
+ end
+
+ class Chihuahua < Dog
+ def wag
+ :happy
+ end
+
+ def bark
+ "yip"
+ end
+ end
+
+ def test_subclasses_have_the_parent_as_an_ancestor
+ assert_equal __, Chihuahua.ancestors.include?(Dog)
+ end
+
+ def test_all_classes_ultimately_inherit_from_object
+ assert_equal __, Chihuahua.ancestors.include?(Object)
+ end
+
+ def test_subcases_inherit_behavior_from_parent_class
+ chico = Chihuahua.new("Chico")
+ assert_equal __, chico.name
+ end
+
+ def test_subclasses_add_new_behavior
+ chico = Chihuahua.new("Chico")
+ assert_equal __, chico.wag
+
+ assert_raise(___) do
+ fido = Dog.new("Fido")
+ fido.wag
+ end
+ end
+
+ def test_subclasses_can_modify_existing_behavior
+ chico = Chihuahua.new("Chico")
+ assert_equal __, chico.bark
+
+ fido = Dog.new("Fido")
+ assert_equal __, fido.bark
+ end
+
+ # ------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+ class BullDog < Dog
+ def bark
+ super + ", GROWL"
+ end
+
+ def growl
+ super.bark + ", GROWL"
+ end
+ end
+
+ def test_subclasses_can_invoke_parent_behavior_via_super
+ ralph = BullDog.new("Ralph")
+ assert_equal __, ralph.bark
+ end
+
+ def test_super_does_not_work_cross_method
+ ralph = BullDog.new("Ralph")
+
+ end
+
+ # ------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+ class GreatDane < Dog
+ def growl
+ super.bark + ", GROWL"
+ end
+ end
+
+ def test_super_does_not_work_cross_method
+ george = GreatDane.new("George")
+ assert_raise(___) do
+ george.growl
+ end
+ end
+
+end
--- /dev/null
+require 'edgecase'
+
+class AboutIteration < EdgeCase::Koan
+
+ def test_each_is_a_method_on_arrays
+ [].methods.include?("each")
+ end
+
+ def test_iterating_with_each
+ array = [1, 2, 3]
+ sum = 0
+ array.each do |item|
+ sum += item
+ end
+ assert_equal 6, sum
+ end
+
+ def test_each_can_use_curly_brace_blocks_too
+ array = [1, 2, 3]
+ sum = 0
+ array.each { |item|
+ sum += item
+ }
+ assert_equal __, sum
+ end
+
+ def test_break_works_with_each_style_iterations
+ array = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10]
+ sum = 0
+ array.each { |item|
+ break if item > 3
+ sum += item
+ }
+ assert_equal __, sum
+ end
+
+ def test_collect_transforms_elements_of_an_array
+ array = [1, 2, 3]
+ new_array = array.collect { |item| item + 10 }
+ assert_equal __, new_array
+
+ # NOTE: 'map' is another name for the 'collect' operation
+ another_array = array.map { |item| item + 10 }
+ assert_equal __, another_array
+ end
+
+ def test_select_selects_certain_items_from_an_array
+ array = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]
+
+ even_numbers = array.select { |item| (item % 2) == 0 }
+ assert_equal __, even_numbers
+
+ # NOTE: 'find_all' is another name for the 'select' operation
+ more_even_numbers = array.find_all { |item| (item % 2) == 0 }
+ assert_equal __, more_even_numbers
+ end
+
+ def test_find_locates_the_first_element_matching_a_criteria
+ array = ["Jim", "Bill", "Clarence", "Doug", "Eli"]
+
+ assert_equal __, array.find { |item| item.size > 4 }
+ end
+
+ def test_inject_will_blow_your_mind
+ result = [2, 3, 4].inject(0) { |sum, item| sum + item }
+ assert_equal __, result
+
+ result2 = [2, 3, 4].inject(1) { |sum, item| sum * item }
+ assert_equal __, result2
+
+ # Extra Credit:
+ # Describe in your own words what inject does.
+ end
+
+ def test_all_iteration_methods_work_on_any_collection_not_just_arrays
+ # Ranges act like a collection
+ result = (1..3).map { |item| item + 10 }
+ assert_equal __, result
+
+ # Files act like a collection of lines
+ file = File.open("example_file.txt")
+ upcase_lines = file.map { |line| line.strip.upcase }
+ assert_equal __, upcase_lines
+
+ # NOTE: You can create your own collections that work with each,
+ # map, select, etc.
+ ensure
+ # Arg, this is ugly.
+ # We will figure out how to fix this later.
+ file.close if file
+ end
+
+end
--- /dev/null
+require 'edgecase'
+
+class AboutMessagePassing < EdgeCase::Koan
+
+ class MessageCatcher
+ def caught?
+ true
+ end
+ end
+
+ def test_methods_can_be_called_directly
+ mc = MessageCatcher.new
+
+ assert mc.caught?
+ end
+
+ def test_methods_can_be_invoked_by_sending_the_message
+ mc = MessageCatcher.new
+
+ assert mc.send(:caught?)
+ end
+
+ def test_methods_can_be_invoked_more_dynamically
+ mc = MessageCatcher.new
+
+ assert mc.send("caught?")
+ assert mc.send("caught" + __ ) # What do you need to add to the first string?
+ assert mc.send("CAUGHT?".__ ) # What would you need to do to the string?
+ end
+
+ def test_send_with_underscores_will_also_send_messages
+ mc = MessageCatcher.new
+
+ assert_equal __, mc.__send__(:caught?)
+
+ # THINK ABOUT IT:
+ #
+ # Why does Ruby provide both send and __send__ ?
+ end
+
+ def test_classes_can_be_asked_if_they_know_how_to_respond
+ mc = MessageCatcher.new
+
+ assert_equal __, mc.respond_to?(:caught?)
+ assert_equal __, mc.respond_to?(:does_not_exist)
+ end
+
+ # ------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+ class MessageCatcher
+ def add_a_payload(*args)
+ return :empty unless args
+ args
+ end
+ end
+
+ def test_sending_a_message_with_arguments
+ mc = MessageCatcher.new
+
+ assert_equal __, mc.add_a_payload
+ assert_equal __, mc.send(:add_a_payload)
+
+ assert_equal __, mc.add_a_payload(3, 4, nil, 6)
+ assert_equal __, mc.send(:add_a_payload, 3, 4, nil, 6)
+ end
+
+ # ------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+ class TypicalObject
+ end
+
+ def test_sending_undefined_messages_to_a_typical_object_results_in_errors
+ typical = TypicalObject.new
+
+ assert_raise(___) do
+ typical.foobar
+ end
+ assert_match(/foobar/, exception.message)
+ end
+
+ def test_calling_method_missing_causes_the_no_method_error
+ typical = TypicalObject.new
+
+ exception = assert_raise(___) do
+ typical.method_missing(:foobar)
+ end
+ assert_match(/foobar/, exception.message)
+
+ # THINK ABOUT IT:
+ #
+ # If the method :method_missing causes the NoMethodError, then
+ # what would happen if we redefine method_missing?
+ end
+
+ # ------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+ class AllMessageCatcher
+ def method_missing(method_name, *args, &block)
+ "Someone called #{method_name} with (#{args.join(", ")})"
+ end
+ end
+
+ def test_all_messages_are_caught
+ catcher = AllMessageCatcher.new
+
+ assert_equal __, catcher.foobar
+ assert_equal __, catcher.foobaz(1)
+ assert_equal __, catcher.sum(1,2,3,4,5,6)
+ end
+
+ def test_catching_messages_makes_respond_to_lie
+ catcher = AllMessageCatcher.new
+
+ assert_nothing_raised(NoMethodError) do
+ catcher.any_method
+ end
+ assert_equal __, catcher.respond_to?(:any_method)
+ end
+
+ # ------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+ class WellBehavedFooCatcher
+ def method_missing(method_name, *args, &block)
+ if method_name.to_s[0,3] == "foo"
+ "Foo to you too"
+ else
+ super(method_name, *args, &block)
+ end
+ end
+ end
+
+ def test_foo_method_are_caught
+ catcher = WellBehavedFooCatcher.new
+
+ assert_equal __, catcher.foo_bar
+ assert_equal __, catcher.foo_baz
+ end
+
+ def test_non_foo_messages_are_treated_normally
+ catcher = WellBehavedFooCatcher.new
+
+ assert_raise(___) do
+ catcher.normal_undefined_method
+ end
+ end
+
+ # ------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+ # (note: just reopening class from above)
+ class WellBehavedFooCatcher
+ def respond_to?(method_name)
+ if method_name.to_s[0,3] == "foo"
+ true
+ else
+ super(method_name)
+ end
+ end
+ end
+
+ def test_explicitly_implementing_respond_to_lets_objects_tell_the_truth
+ catcher = WellBehavedFooCatcher.new
+
+ assert_equal __, catcher.respond_to?(:foo_bar)
+ assert_equal __, catcher.respond_to?(:something_else)
+ end
+
+end
--- /dev/null
+require 'edgecase'
+
+def my_global_method(a,b)
+ a + b
+end
+
+class AboutMethods < EdgeCase::Koan
+
+ def test_calling_global_methods
+ assert_equal __, my_global_method(2,3)
+ end
+
+ def test_calling_global_methods_without_parenthesis
+ result = my_global_method 2, 3
+ assert_equal __, result
+ end
+
+ # (NOTE: We are Using eval below because the example code is
+ # considered to be syntactically invalid).
+ def test_sometimes_missing_parenthesis_are_ambiguous
+ eval "assert_equal 5, my_global_method 2, 3"
+ #
+ # Ruby doesn't know if you mean:
+ #
+ # assert_equal(5, my_global_method(2), 3)
+ # or
+ # assert_equal(5, my_global_method(2, 3))
+ #
+ # Rewrite the eval string to continue.
+ #
+ end
+
+ # NOTE: wrong number of argument is not a SYNTAX error, but a
+ # runtime error.
+ def test_calling_global_methods_with_wrong_number_of_arguments
+ exception = assert_raise(___) do
+ my_global_method
+ end
+ assert_equal __, exception.message
+
+ exception = assert_raise(___) do
+ my_global_method(1,2,3)
+ end
+ assert_equal __, exception.message
+ end
+
+ # ------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+ def method_with_defaults(a, b=:default_value)
+ [a, b]
+ end
+
+ def test_calling_with_default_values
+ assert_equal [1, __], method_with_defaults(1)
+ assert_equal [1, __], method_with_defaults(1, 2)
+ end
+
+ # ------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+ def method_with_var_args(*args)
+ args
+ end
+
+ def test_calling_with_variable_arguments
+ assert_equal __, method_with_var_args
+ assert_equal __, method_with_var_args(:one)
+ assert_equal __, method_with_var_args(:one, :two)
+ end
+
+ # ------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+ def method_with_explicit_return
+ :a_non_return_value
+ return :return_value
+ :anoher_non_return_value
+ end
+
+ def test_method_with_explicit_return
+ assert_equal __, method_with_explicit_return
+ end
+
+ # ------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+ def method_without_explicit_return
+ :a_non_return_value
+ :return_value
+ end
+
+ def test_method_without_explicit_return
+ assert_equal __, method_without_explicit_return
+ end
+
+ # ------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+ def my_same_class_method(a, b)
+ a * b
+ end
+
+ def test_calling_methods_in_same_class
+ assert_equal __, my_same_class_method(3,4)
+ end
+
+ def test_calling_methods_in_same_class_with_explicit_receiver
+ assert_equal __, self.my_same_class_method(3,4)
+ end
+
+ # ------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+ def my_private_method
+ "a secret"
+ end
+ private :my_private_method
+
+ def test_calling_private_methods_without_receiver
+ assert_equal __, my_private_method
+ end
+
+ def test_calling_private_methods_with_an_explicit_receiver
+ exception = assert_raise(___) do
+ self.my_private_method
+ end
+ assert_match /__/, exception.message
+ end
+
+ # ------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+ class Dog
+ def name
+ "Fido"
+ end
+
+ private
+
+ def tail
+ "tail"
+ end
+ end
+
+ def test_calling_methods_in_other_objects_require_explicit_receiver
+ rover = Dog.new
+ assert_equal __, rover.name
+ end
+
+ def test_calling_private_methods_in_other_objects
+ rover = Dog.new
+ assert_raise(___) do
+ rover.tail
+ end
+ end
+end
--- /dev/null
+require 'edgecase'
+
+class AboutModules < EdgeCase::Koan
+ module Nameable
+ def set_name(new_name)
+ @name = new_name
+ end
+
+ def here
+ :in_module
+ end
+ end
+
+ def test_cant_instantiate_modules
+ assert_raise(___) do
+ Nameable.new
+ end
+ end
+
+ # ------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+ class Dog
+ include Nameable
+
+ attr_reader :name
+
+ def initialize
+ @name = "Fido"
+ end
+
+ def bark
+ "WOOF"
+ end
+
+ def here
+ :in_object
+ end
+ end
+
+ def test_normal_methods_are_available_in_the_object
+ fido = Dog.new
+ assert_equal __, fido.bark
+ end
+
+ def test_module_methods_are_also_availble_in_the_object
+ fido = Dog.new
+ assert_nothing_raised(Exception) do
+ fido.set_name("Rover")
+ end
+ end
+
+ def test_module_methods_can_affect_instance_variables_in_the_object
+ fido = Dog.new
+ assert_equal __, fido.name
+ fido.set_name("Rover")
+ assert_equal __, fido.name
+ end
+
+ def test_classes_can_override_module_methods
+ fido = Dog.new
+ assert_equal __, fido.here
+ end
+end
--- /dev/null
+require 'edgecase'
+
+class AboutNil < EdgeCase::Koan
+ def test_nil_is_an_object
+ assert nil.is_a?(Object), "Unlike NULL in other languages"
+ end
+
+ def test_you_dont_get_null_pointer_errors_when_calling_methods_on_nil
+ #
+ # What is the Exception that is thrown when you call a method that
+ # does not exist?
+ #
+ # Hint: launch irb and try the code in the block below.
+ #
+ # Don't be confused by the code below yet. It's using blocks
+ # which are explained later on in about_blocks.rb. For now,
+ # think about it like running nil.some_method_nil_doesnt_know_about
+ # in a sandbox and catching the error class into the exception
+ # variable.
+ #
+ exception = assert_raise(___) do
+ nil.some_method_nil_doesnt_know_about
+ end
+
+ #
+ # What is the error message itself? What substring or pattern could
+ # you test against in order to have a good idea what the string is?
+ #
+ assert_match /__/, exception.message
+ end
+
+ def test_nil_has_a_few_methods_defined_on_it
+ assert_equal __, nil.nil?
+ assert_equal __, nil.to_s
+ assert_equal __, nil.inspect
+
+ # THINK ABOUT IT:
+ #
+ # Is it better to use
+ # obj.nil?
+ # or
+ # obj == nil
+ # Why?
+ end
+
+end
--- /dev/null
+require 'edgecase'
+
+class AboutOpenClasses < EdgeCase::Koan
+ class Dog
+ def bark
+ "WOOF"
+ end
+ end
+
+ def test_as_defined_dogs_do_bark
+ fido = Dog.new
+ assert_equal __, fido.bark
+ end
+
+ # ------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+ # Open the existing Dog class and add a new method.
+ class Dog
+ def wag
+ "HAPPY"
+ end
+ end
+
+ def test_after_reopening_dogs_can_both_wag_and_bark
+ fido = Dog.new
+ assert_equal __, fido.wag
+ assert_equal __, fido.bark
+ end
+
+ # ------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+ class ::Integer
+ def even?
+ (self % 2) == 0
+ end
+ end
+
+ def test_even_existing_built_in_classes_can_be_reopened
+ assert_equal __, 1.even?
+ assert_equal __, 2.even?
+ end
+
+ # NOTE: To understand why we need the :: before Integer, you need to
+ # become enlightened about scope.
+end
--- /dev/null
+require 'edgecase'
+
+# Project: Create a Proxy Class
+#
+# In this assignment, create a proxy class (one is started for you
+# below). You should be able to initialize the proxy object with any
+# object. Any messages sent to the proxy object should be forwarded
+# to the target object. As each message is sent, the proxy should
+# record the name of the method send.
+#
+# The proxy class is started for you. You will need to add a method
+# missing handler and any other supporting methods. The specification
+# of the Proxy class is given in the AboutProxyObjectProject koan.
+
+class Proxy
+ def initialize(target_object)
+ @object = target_object
+ end
+end
+
+# The proxy object should pass the following Koan:
+#
+class AboutProxyObjectProject < EdgeCase::Koan
+ def test_proxy_method_returns_wrapped_object
+ # NOTE: The Television class is defined below
+ tv = Proxy.new(Television.new)
+
+ assert tv.instance_of?(Proxy)
+ end
+
+ def test_tv_methods_still_perform_their_function
+ tv = Proxy.new(Television.new)
+
+ tv.channel = 10
+ tv.power
+
+ assert_equal 10, tv.channel
+ assert tv.on?
+ end
+
+ def test_proxy_records_messages_sent_to_tv
+ tv = Proxy.new(Television.new)
+
+ tv.power
+ tv.channel = 10
+
+ assert_equal [:power, :channel=], tv.messages
+ end
+
+ def test_proxy_handles_invalid_messages
+ tv = Proxy.new(Television.new)
+
+ assert_raise(NoMethodError) do
+ tv.no_such_method
+ end
+ end
+
+ def test_proxy_reports_methods_have_been_called
+ tv = Proxy.new(Television.new)
+
+ tv.power
+ tv.power
+
+ assert tv.called?(:power)
+ assert ! tv.called?(:channel)
+ end
+
+ def test_proxy_counts_method_calls
+ tv = Proxy.new(Television.new)
+
+ tv.power
+ tv.channel = 48
+ tv.power
+
+ assert_equal 2, tv.number_of_times_called(:power)
+ assert_equal 1, tv.number_of_times_called(:channel=)
+ assert_equal 0, tv.number_of_times_called(:on?)
+ end
+
+ def test_proxy_can_record_more_than_just_tv_objects
+ proxy = Proxy.new("Code Mash 2009")
+
+ proxy.upcase!
+ result = proxy.split
+
+ assert_equal ["CODE", "MASH", "2009"], result
+ assert_equal [:upcase!, :split], proxy.messages
+ end
+end
+
+
+# ====================================================================
+# The following code is to support the testing of the Proxy class. No
+# changes should be necessary to anything below this comment.
+
+# Example class using in the proxy testing above.
+class Television
+ attr_accessor :channel
+
+ def power
+ if @power == :on
+ @power = :off
+ else
+ @power = :on
+ end
+ end
+
+ def on?
+ @power == :on
+ end
+end
+
+# Tests for the Television class. All of theses tests should pass.
+class TelevisionTest < EdgeCase::Koan
+ def test_it_turns_on
+ tv = Television.new
+
+ tv.power
+ assert tv.on?
+ end
+
+ def test_it_also_turns_off
+ tv = Television.new
+
+ tv.power
+ tv.power
+
+ assert ! tv.on?
+ end
+
+ def test_edge_case_on_off
+ tv = Television.new
+
+ tv.power
+ tv.power
+ tv.power
+
+ assert tv.on?
+
+ tv.power
+
+ assert ! tv.on?
+ end
+
+ def test_can_set_the_channel
+ tv = Television.new
+
+ tv.channel = 11
+ assert_equal 11, tv.channel
+ end
+end
--- /dev/null
+require 'edgecase'
+
+class AboutUsingBlocks < EdgeCase::Koan
+
+ def count_lines(file_name)
+ file = open(file_name)
+ count = 0
+ while line = file.gets
+ count += 1
+ end
+ count
+ ensure
+ file.close if file
+ end
+
+ def test_counting_lines
+ assert_equal __, count_lines("example_file.txt")
+ end
+
+ # ------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+ def find_line(file_name)
+ file = open(file_name)
+ while line = file.gets
+ return line if line.match(/e/)
+ end
+ ensure
+ file.close if file
+ end
+
+ def test_finding_lines
+ assert_equal __, find_line("example_file.txt")
+ end
+
+ # ------------------------------------------------------------------
+ # THINK ABOUT IT:
+ #
+ # The count_lines and find_line are similar, and yet different.
+ # They both follow the pattern of "sandwich code".
+ #
+ # Sandwich code is code that comes in three parts: (1) the top slice
+ # of bread, (2) the meat, and (3) the bottom slice of bread. The
+ # the bread part of the sandwich almost always goes together, but
+ # the meat part changes all the time.
+ #
+ # Because the changing part of the sandwich code is in the middle,
+ # abstracting the top and bottom bread slices to a library can be
+ # difficult in many languages.
+ #
+ # (Aside for C++ programmers: The idiom of capturing allocated
+ # pointers in a smart pointer constructor is an attempt to deal with
+ # the problem of sandwich code for resource allocation.)
+ #
+ # Consider the following code:
+ #
+
+ def file_sandwich(file_name)
+ file = open(file_name)
+ yield(file)
+ ensure
+ file.close if file
+ end
+
+ # Now we write:
+
+ def count_lines2(file_name)
+ file_sandwich(file_name) do |file|
+ count = 0
+ while line = file.gets
+ count += 1
+ end
+ count
+ end
+ end
+
+ def test_counting_lines2
+ assert_equal __, count_lines2("example_file.txt")
+ end
+
+ # ------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+ def find_line2(file_name)
+ # Rewrite find_line using the file_sandwich library function.
+ end
+
+ def test_finding_lines2
+ assert_equal __, find_line2("example_file.txt")
+ end
+
+ # ------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+ def count_lines3(file_name)
+ open(file_name) do |file|
+ count = 0
+ while line = file.gets
+ count += 1
+ end
+ count
+ end
+ end
+
+ def test_open_handles_the_file_sandwich_when_given_a_block
+ assert_equal __, count_lines3("example_file.txt")
+ end
+
+end
--- /dev/null
+require 'edgecase'
+
+class AboutScope < EdgeCase::Koan
+ module Jims
+ class Dog
+ def identify
+ :jims_dog
+ end
+ end
+ end
+
+ module Joes
+ class Dog
+ def identify
+ :joes_dog
+ end
+ end
+ end
+
+ def test_dog_is_not_available_in_the_current_scope
+ assert_raise(___) do
+ fido = Dog.new
+ end
+ end
+
+ def test_you_can_reference_nested_classes_using_the_scope_operator
+ fido = Jims::Dog.new
+ rover = Joes::Dog.new
+ assert_equal __, fido.identify
+ assert_equal __, rover.identify
+
+ assert_not_equal fido.class, rover.class
+ assert_not_equal Jims::Dog, Joes::Dog
+ end
+
+ # ------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+ class String
+ end
+
+ def test_bare_bones_class_names_assume_the_current_scope
+ assert_equal __, AboutScope::String == String
+ end
+
+ def test_nested_string_is_not_the_same_as_the_system_string
+ assert_equal __, String == "HI".class
+ end
+
+ def test_use_the_prefix_scope_operator_to_force_the_global_scope
+ assert_equal __, ::String == "HI".class
+ end
+
+ # ------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+ PI = 3.1416
+
+ def test_constants_are_defined_with_an_initial_uppercase_letter
+ assert_equal __, PI
+ end
+
+ # ------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+ MyString = ::String
+
+ def test_class_names_are_just_constants
+ assert_equal __, MyString == ::String
+ assert_equal __, MyString == "HI".class
+ end
+
+ def test_constants_can_be_looked_up_explicitly
+ assert_equal __, PI == AboutScope.const_get("PI")
+ assert_equal __, MyString == AboutScope.const_get("MyString")
+ end
+
+ def test_you_can_get_a_list_of_constants_for_any_class_or_module
+ assert_equal __, Jims.constants
+ assert_equal __, Object.constants.size
+ end
+end
--- /dev/null
+require 'edgecase'
+
+# Greed is a dice game where you roll up to five dice to accumulate
+# points. The following "score" function will be used calculate the
+# score of a single roll of the dice.
+#
+# A greed roll is scored as follows:
+#
+# * A set of three ones is 1000 points
+#
+# * A set of three numbers (other than ones) is worth 100 times the
+# number. (e.g. three fives is 500 points).
+#
+# * A one (that is not part of a set of three) is worth 100 points.
+#
+# * A five (that is not part of a set of three) is worth 50 points.
+#
+# * Everything else is worth 0 points.
+#
+#
+# Examples:
+#
+# score([1,1,1,5,1]) => 1150 points
+# score([2,3,4,6,2]) => 0 points
+# score([3,4,5,3,3]) => 350 points
+# score([1,5,1,2,4]) => 250 points
+#
+# More scoing examples are given in the tests below:
+#
+# Your goal is to write the score method.
+
+def score(dice)
+ # You need to write this method
+end
+
+class AboutScoringAssignment < EdgeCase::Koan
+ def test_score_of_an_empty_list_is_zero
+ assert_equal 0, score([])
+ end
+
+ def test_score_of_a_single_roll_of_5_is_50
+ assert_equal 50, score([5])
+ end
+
+ def test_score_of_a_single_roll_of_1_is_100
+ assert_equal 100, score([1])
+ end
+
+ def test_score_of_mulitple_1s_and_5s_is_the_sum
+ assert_equal 200, score([1,5,5,1])
+ end
+
+ def test_score_of_single_2s_3s_4s_and_6s_are_zero
+ assert_equal 0, score([2,3,4,6])
+ end
+
+ def test_score_of_a_triple_1_is_1000
+ assert_equal 1000, score([1,1,1])
+ end
+
+ def test_score_of_other_triples_is_100x
+ assert_equal 200, score([2,2,2])
+ assert_equal 300, score([3,3,3])
+ assert_equal 400, score([4,4,4])
+ assert_equal 500, score([5,5,5])
+ assert_equal 600, score([6,6,6])
+ end
+
+ def test_score_of_mixed_is_sum
+ assert_equal 250, score([2,5,2,2,3])
+ assert_equal 550, score([5,5,5,5])
+ end
+
+end
--- /dev/null
+require 'edgecase'
+
+class AboutStrings < EdgeCase::Koan
+ def test_double_quoted_strings_are_strings
+ string = "Hello, World"
+ assert_equal __, string.is_a?(String)
+ end
+
+ def test_single_quoted_strings_are_also_strings
+ string = 'Goodbye, World'
+ assert_equal __, string.is_a?(String)
+ end
+
+ def test_use_single_quotes_to_create_string_with_double_quotes
+ string = 'He said, "Go Away."'
+ assert_equal __, string
+ end
+
+ def test_use_double_quotes_to_create_strings_with_single_quotes
+ string = "Don't"
+ assert_equal __, string
+ end
+
+ def test_use_backslash_for_those_hard_cases
+ a = "He said, \"Don't\""
+ b = 'He said, "Don\'t"'
+ assert_equal __, a == b
+ end
+
+ def test_use_flexible_quoting_to_handle_really_hard_cases
+ a = %(flexible quotes can handle both ' and " characters)
+ b = %!flexible quotes can handle both ' and " characters!
+ c = %{flexible quotes can handle both ' and " characters}
+ assert_equal __, a == b
+ assert_equal __, a == c
+ end
+
+ def test_flexible_quotes_can_handle_multiple_lines
+ long_string = %{
+It was the best of times,
+It was the worst of times.
+}
+ assert_equal __, long_string.size
+ end
+
+ def test_here_documents_can_also_handle_multiple_lines
+ long_string = <<EOS
+It was the best of times,
+It was the worst of times.
+EOS
+ assert_equal __, long_string.size
+ end
+
+ def test_plus_will_concatenate_two_strings
+ string = "Hello, " + "World"
+ assert_equal __, string
+ end
+
+ def test_plus_concatenation_will_leave_the_original_strings_unmodified
+ hi = "Hello, "
+ there = "World"
+ string = hi + there
+ assert_equal __, hi
+ assert_equal __, there
+ end
+
+ def test_plus_equals_will_concatenate_to_the_end_of_a_string
+ hi = "Hello, "
+ there = "World"
+ hi += there
+ assert_equal __, hi
+ end
+
+ def test_plus_equals_also_will_leave_the_original_string_unmodified
+ original_string = "Hello, "
+ hi = original_string
+ there = "World"
+ hi += there
+ assert_equal __, original_string
+ end
+
+ def test_the_shovel_operator_will_also_append_content_to_a_string
+ hi = "Hello, "
+ there = "World"
+ hi << there
+ assert_equal __, hi
+ assert_equal __, there
+ end
+
+ def test_the_shovel_operator_modifies_the_original_string
+ original_string = "Hello, "
+ hi = original_string
+ there = "World"
+ hi << there
+ assert_equal __, original_string
+
+ # THINK ABOUT IT:
+ #
+ # Ruby programmers tend to favor the shovel operator (<<) over the
+ # plus equals operator (+=) when building up strings. Why?
+ end
+
+ def test_double_quoted_string_interpret_escape_characters
+ string = "\n"
+ assert_equal __, string.size
+ end
+
+ def test_single_quoted_string_do_not_interpret_escape_characters
+ string = '\n'
+ assert_equal __, string.size
+ end
+
+ def test_single_quotes_sometimes_interpret_escape_characters
+ string = '\\\''
+ assert_equal __, string.size
+ assert_equal __, string
+ end
+
+ def test_double_quoted_strings_interpolate_variables
+ value = 123
+ string = "The value is #{value}"
+ assert_equal __, string
+ end
+
+ def test_single_quoted_strings_do_not_interpolate
+ value = 123
+ string = 'The value is #{value}'
+ assert_equal __, string
+ end
+
+ def test_any_ruby_expression_my_be_interpolated
+ string = "The square root of 5 is #{Math.sqrt(5)}"
+ assert_equal __, string
+ end
+
+ def test_you_can_get_a_substring_from_a_string
+ string = "Bacon, lettuce and tomato"
+ assert_equal __, string[7,3]
+ assert_equal __, string[7..9]
+ end
+
+ def test_you_can_get_a_single_character_from_a_string
+ string = "Bacon, lettuce and tomato"
+ assert_equal __, string[1]
+
+ # Surprised?
+ end
+
+ def test_single_characters_are_represented_by_integers
+ assert_equal __, ?a
+ assert_equal __, ?a == 97
+
+ assert_equal __, ?b == (?a + 1)
+ end
+
+ def test_strings_can_be_split
+ string = "Sausage Egg Cheese"
+ words = string.split
+ assert_equal [__, __, __], words
+ end
+
+ def test_strings_can_be_split_with_different_patterns
+ string = "the:rain:in:spain"
+ words = string.split(/:/)
+ assert_equal [__, __, __, __], words
+
+ # NOTE: Patterns are formed from Regular Expressions. Ruby has a
+ # very powerful Regular Expression library. Unfortunately, time
+ # does not permit us to explore it in detail in Ruby 101.
+ end
+
+ def test_strings_can_be_joined
+ words = ["Now", "is", "the", "time"]
+ assert_equal __, words.join(" ")
+ end
+end
--- /dev/null
+require 'edgecase'
+
+# You need to write the triangle method in the file 'triangle.rb'
+require 'triangle.rb'
+
+class AboutTriangleAssignment < EdgeCase::Koan
+ def test_equilateral_triangles_have_equal_sides
+ assert_equal :equilateral, triangle(2, 2, 2)
+ assert_equal :equilateral, triangle(10, 10, 10)
+ end
+
+ def test_isosceles_triangles_have_exactly_two_sides_equal
+ assert_equal :isosceles, triangle(3, 4, 4)
+ assert_equal :isosceles, triangle(4, 3, 4)
+ assert_equal :isosceles, triangle(4, 4, 3)
+ assert_equal :isosceles, triangle(10, 10, 2)
+ end
+
+ def test_scalene_triangles_have_no_equal_sides
+ assert_equal :scalene, triangle(3, 4, 5)
+ assert_equal :scalene, triangle(10, 11, 12)
+ assert_equal :scalene, triangle(5, 4, 2)
+ end
+end
+
--- /dev/null
+require 'edgecase'
+
+# You need to write the triangle method in the file 'triangle.rb'
+require 'triangle.rb'
+
+class AboutTriangleAssignment < EdgeCase::Koan
+ # The first assignment did not talk about how to handle errors.
+ # Let's handle that part now.
+ def test_illegal_triangles_throw_exceptions
+ assert_raise(TriangleError) do triangle(0, 0, 0) end
+ assert_raise(TriangleError) do triangle(3, 4, -5) end
+ assert_raise(TriangleError) do triangle(2, 4, 2) end
+ end
+end
+
--- /dev/null
+require 'edgecase'
+
+class AboutTrueAndFalse < EdgeCase::Koan
+ def truth_value(condition)
+ if condition
+ :true_stuff
+ else
+ :false_stuff
+ end
+ end
+
+ def test_true_is_treated_as_true
+ assert_equal __, truth_value(true)
+ end
+
+ def test_false_is_treated_as_false
+ assert_equal __, truth_value(false)
+ end
+
+ def test_nil_is_treated_as_false_too
+ assert_equal __, truth_value(nil)
+ end
+
+ def test_everything_else_is_treated_as_true
+ assert_equal __, truth_value(1)
+ assert_equal __, truth_value(0)
+ assert_equal __, truth_value([])
+ assert_equal __, truth_value({})
+ assert_equal __, truth_value("Strings")
+ assert_equal __, truth_value("")
+ end
+
+end
--- /dev/null
+require 'test_helper'
+
+class ArrayTest < EdgeCase::TestCase
+
+ def test_basic_arrays
+ food = [:peanut, :button, :and, :jelly]
+ assert_equal __, food[0]
+ assert_equal __, food.size
+ end
+
+ def test_array_access
+ food = [:peanut, :button, :and, :jelly]
+ assert_equal __, food.first
+ assert_equal __, food.last
+ assert_equal __, food[0]
+ assert_equal __, food[2]
+ assert_equal __, food[(food.size() - 1)]
+ end
+
+ def test_arrays_with_other_objects
+ food = [:peanut, :button, :and, :jelly, 1, nil]
+ assert_equal __, food.size
+ assert_equal __, food.last
+ assert_equal __, food[5]
+ end
+
+ def test_adding_to_an_array_with_shovel_shovel
+ food = [:peanut, :button, :and, :jelly]
+ food << 'sandwich'
+ assert_equal __, food.size
+ assert_equal __, food.first
+ end
+
+ def test_adding_to_an_array_with_push
+ food = [:peanut, :button, :and, :jelly]
+ food.push('sandwich')
+ assert_equal __, food.last
+ end
+
+ def test_adding_to_an_array_with_unshift
+ food = [:peanut, :button, :and, :jelly]
+ food.unshift('a')
+ assert_equal __, food.first
+ end
+
+end
+
--- /dev/null
+require 'edgecase'
\ No newline at end of file
--- /dev/null
+#!/usr/bin/env ruby
+# -*- ruby -*-
+
+require 'test/unit/assertions'
+
+class FillMeInError < StandardError
+end
+
+def __(value="FILL ME IN")
+ value
+end
+
+def ___(value=FillMeInError)
+ value
+end
+
+module EdgeCase
+ class Sensei
+ attr_reader :failure, :failed_test
+
+ AssertionError = Test::Unit::AssertionFailedError
+
+ def initialize
+ @pass_count = 0
+ @failure = nil
+ @failed_test = nil
+ end
+
+ def accumulate(test)
+ if test.passed?
+ @pass_count += 1
+ puts " #{test.name} has expanded your awareness."
+ else
+ puts " #{test.name} has damaged your karma."
+ @failed_test = test
+ @failure = test.failure
+ throw :edgecase_exit
+ end
+ end
+
+ def failed?
+ ! @failure.nil?
+ end
+
+ def assert_failed?
+ failure.is_a?(AssertionError)
+ end
+
+ def report
+ if failed?
+ puts
+ puts "You have not yet reached enlightenment ..."
+ puts failure.message
+ puts
+ puts "Please meditate on the following code:"
+ if assert_failed?
+ puts find_interesting_lines(failure.backtrace)
+ else
+ puts failure.backtrace
+ end
+ puts
+ end
+ say_something_zenlike
+ end
+
+ def find_interesting_lines(backtrace)
+ backtrace.reject { |line|
+ line =~ /test\/unit\/|edgecase\.rb/
+ }
+ end
+
+ # Hat's tip to Ara T. Howard for the zen statements from his
+ # metakoans Ruby Quiz (http://rubyquiz.com/quiz67.html)
+ def say_something_zenlike
+ puts
+ if !failed?
+ puts "Mountains are again merely mountains"
+ else
+ case (@pass_count % 10)
+ when 0
+ puts "mountains are merely mountains"
+ when 1, 2
+ puts "learn the rules so you know how to break them properly"
+ when 3, 4
+ puts "remember that silence is sometimes the best answer"
+ when 5, 6
+ puts "sleep is the best meditation"
+ when 7, 8
+ puts "when you lose, don't lose the lesson"
+ else
+ puts "things are not what they appear to be: nor are they otherwise"
+ end
+ end
+ end
+ end
+
+ class Koan
+ include Test::Unit::Assertions
+
+ attr_reader :name, :failure
+
+ def initialize(name)
+ @name = name
+ @failure = nil
+ end
+
+ def passed?
+ @failure.nil?
+ end
+
+ def failed(failure)
+ @failure = failure
+ end
+
+ def setup
+ end
+
+ def teardown
+ end
+
+ # Class methods for the EdgeCase test suite.
+ class << self
+ def inherited(subclass)
+ subclasses << subclass
+ end
+
+ def method_added(name)
+ testmethods << name unless tests_disabled?
+ end
+
+ def run_tests(accumulator)
+ puts
+ puts "Thinking #{self}"
+ testmethods.each do |m|
+ self.run_test(m, accumulator) if Koan.test_pattern =~ m.to_s
+ end
+ end
+
+ def run_test(method, accumulator)
+ test = self.new(method)
+ test.setup
+ begin
+ test.send(method)
+ rescue StandardError => ex
+ test.failed(ex)
+ ensure
+ begin
+ test.teardown
+ rescue StandardError => ex
+ test.failed(ex) if test.passed?
+ end
+ end
+ accumulator.accumulate(test)
+ end
+
+ def end_of_enlightenment
+ @tests_disabled = true
+ end
+
+ def command_line(args)
+ args.each do |arg|
+ case arg
+ when /^-n\/(.*)\/$/
+ @test_pattern = Regexp.new($1)
+ when /^-n(.*)$/
+ @test_pattern = Regexp.new(Regexp.quote($1))
+ else
+ if File.exist?(arg)
+ load(arg)
+ else
+ fail "Unknown command line argument '#{arg}'"
+ end
+ end
+ end
+ end
+
+ # Lazy initialize list of subclasses
+ def subclasses
+ @subclasses ||= []
+ end
+
+ # Lazy initialize list of test methods.
+ def testmethods
+ @test_methods ||= []
+ end
+
+ def tests_disabled?
+ @tests_disabled ||= false
+ end
+
+ def test_pattern
+ @test_pattern ||= /^test_/
+ end
+
+ end
+ end
+end
+
+END {
+ EdgeCase::Koan.command_line(ARGV)
+ zen_master = EdgeCase::Sensei.new
+ catch(:edgecase_exit) {
+ EdgeCase::Koan.subclasses.each do |sc|
+ sc.run_tests(zen_master)
+ end
+ }
+ zen_master.report
+}
--- /dev/null
+this
+is
+a
+test
--- /dev/null
+require 'test/unit'
+
+class TestSomething < Test::Unit::TestCase
+ def test_assert
+ assert true
+ assert_equal 1, 1
+ assert_equal 1, 1.0
+ end
+end
+
+
--- /dev/null
+# The path to Ruby Enlightenment starts with the following:
+
+require 'about_basics'
+require 'about_nil'
+require 'about_arrays'
+require 'about_array_assignment'
+require 'about_hashes'
+require 'about_strings'
+require 'about_methods'
+require 'about_control_statements'
+require 'about_true_and_false'
+require 'about_triangle_project'
+require 'about_exceptions'
+require 'about_triangle_project_2'
+require 'about_iteration'
+require 'about_blocks'
+require 'about_sandwich_code'
+require 'about_scoring_project'
+require 'about_classes'
+require 'about_dice_project'
+require 'about_inheritance'
+require 'about_modules'
+require 'about_scope'
+require 'about_class_methods'
+require 'about_message_passing'
+require 'about_proxy_object_project'
+require 'about_extra_credit'
--- /dev/null
+require 'test/unit'
+
+def __
+ "FILL ME IN"
+end
+
+EdgeCase = Test::Unit
--- /dev/null
+# Triangle Project Code.
+
+# Triangle analyzes the lengths of the sides of a triangle
+# (represented by a, b and c) and returns the type of triangle.
+#
+# It returns:
+# :equilateral if all sides are equal
+# :isosceles if exactly 2 sides are equal
+# :scalene if no sides are equal
+#
+# The tests for this method can be found in
+# about_triangle_project.rb
+# and
+# about_triangle_project_2.rb
+#
+def triangle(a, b, c)
+ # WRITE THIS CODE
+end
+
+# Error class used in part 2. No need to change this code.
+class TriangleError < StandardError
+end
git://git.eng.unimelb.edu.au / ruby_koans.git / commitdiff